Cardiovascular comorbidity as a predictor of complications in patients hospitalized with Covid-19
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Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the association between the clinical characteristics and the severity of Covid-19. Methods: We included hospitalized adults with Covid-19 confirmed by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (March to June 2020). We assessed patients’ health status during their hospital stay. We collected demographic, clinical and laboratory data and performed multivariate linear regression analysis to determine predictive variables for the outcomes (length of stay, intensive care, and use of mechanical ventilation). For this study we defined cardiovascular comorbidity as those patients with coronary artery disease, atrial fibrillation, or valvular heart diseases. Results: The total sample of the study consisted of 221 patients with a mean age of 53.7 ± 16.0 years and 57% (n = 126) being male. After adjusting for age and oxygen saturation, individuals with cardiovascular disease had longer hospital stays (23.5 versus 13.5 days; p < 0.008; β = 0,175; 95%CI 2,33-17,14), longer intensive care unit stays (18.8 versus 7.7 days; p < 0.002; β = 0,195; 95%CI 3,47-16,67), and longer durations of mechanical ventilation (9.7 versus 4.0 days; p < 0.02; β = 0,148; 95%CI 0,64-10,58) compared to individuals without cardiovascular disease. The presence of cardiovascular disease and oxygen saturation was independently associated with adverse outcomes on a multivariate regression analysis. Conclusion: Patients with cardiovascular comorbidities have an increased risk of severe Covid-19. These findings can be useful in predicting complications and guiding personalized care for individuals with severe respiratory syndromes.
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References
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